环境:centos 5.5 + postfix + dovecot +SASL + Squirrelmail
postfix 提供smtp服务,dovecot 提供pop3,imap服务，sasl提供smtp认证服务, Squirrelmail 是webmail 用来收发邮件之用，最近需要发送email的服务，本想使用gmail的smtp的，后来索性就自己搭了个，以便熟悉mail服务器的搭建过程，一路下来，发现还真不是一件容易的事 ，这个还是比较简单的，还有加密传输，反垃圾邮件处理等等东西没弄，搭建过程中遇到的问题比较多， 问题最大的地方是 例如我用 gmail 发送邮件给 wxianfeng@wxianfeng.com, 邮件收不到，gmail中也没有显示退信信息，说明邮件还是发出去了，最后发现是 postfix 的配置文件 mynetworks 配置错误 ……
上面的是我mail服务器搭建的选择，当然你也可以选择别的mail服务器 ， 例如 smtp你可以选择sendmail ， 或者你可以看看别人的mail服务器是什么，eg:
[root@li165-150 ~]# telnet vic360.com 25 # 或者 telnet vic360.com smtp Trying 221.6.104.142... Connected to vic360.com. Escape character is '^]'. 220 mail.vic360.com Kerio MailServer 6.3.1 ESMTP ready quit 221 2.0.0 SMTP closing connection Connection closed by foreign host. [root@li165-150 ~]# telnet vic360.com pop3 # 或者 telnet vic360.com 110 Trying 221.6.104.142... Connected to vic360.com. Escape character is '^]'. +OK Kerio MailServer 6.3.1 POP3 server ready <12927.1280636072@mail.vic360.com>
可以看出 vic360 的mail服务器选择的是 Kerio MailServer , 25 一般是 smtp的port ， 110 是 pop3 的port
[root@li165-150 ~]# telnet mail.beebuyer.com smtp Trying 218.202.225.66... Connected to mail.beebuyer.com. Escape character is '^]'. 220 mobase.cn ESMTP MDaemon 9.5.1; Sun, 01 Aug 2010 12:21:07 +0800 quit 221 See ya in cyberspace Connection closed by foreign host. [root@li165-150 ~]# telnet mail.beebuyer.com pop3 Trying 218.202.225.66... Connected to mail.beebuyer.com. Escape character is '^]'. +OK mobase.cn POP MDaemon 9.5.1 ready <MDAEMON-F201008011221.AA2142193MD8611@mobase.cn>
可以看出 beebuyer.com 的 mail server 是 MDaemon 9.5.1
okay ， 下面介绍 我的 mail server的搭建过程:
1，安装 postfix ，卸载sendmail
yum update yum remove sendmail yum install postfix
2,配置 postfix
>vim /etc/postfix/main.cf myhostname = mail.wxianfeng.com mydomain = wxianfeng.com myorigin = $mydomain inet_interfaces = $myhostname, localhost , 173.230.155.150 # 173.230.155.150 是我服务器IP mydestination = $myhostname,localhost.$mydomain , localhost , $mydomain,mail.$mydomain,www.$mydomain mynetworks = 0.0.0.0/0 home_mailbox = Maildir/ # email的存放地址 ， 默认是存放在file中，你还可以配置mysql ， 存到mysql 中
3,安装配置SASL + TLS
>yum install cyrus-sasl
>vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_local_domain = wxianfeng.com
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks,permit_sasl_authenticated,reject_unauth_destination
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes4,安装配置 Dovecot
>yum install dovecot >vim /etc/dovecot.conf protocols = pop3 pop3s imap imaps mail_location = maildir:~/Maildir/ # email的存放地址 pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv auth default { mechanisms = plain login passdb pam { } userdb passwd { } socket listen { client { path = /var/spool/postfix/private/auth mode = 0660 user = postfix group = postfix } } }
5,安装配置 Squirrelmail
>yum install squirrelmail >vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/squirrelmail.conf Alias /webmail /usr/share/squirrelmail # 配置apache >/usr/share/squirrelmail/config/conf.pl 2 -> 1 Domain : wxianfeng.com # 配置域名 10 -> 2 Default Charset : utf-8 # 配置编码
6,重启所有服务
/etc/init.d/postfix restart /etc/init.d/dovecot restart /etc/init.d/saslauthd restart service httpd restart
7,测试安装是否成功
http://wxianfeng.com:8080/webmail/src/configtest.php
http://wxianfeng.com:8080/webmail 访问， 可以 收发email
8,创建mail用户
>adduser wxianfeng
>passwd 123459,本地测试收发email
smtp发:
>telnet localhost smtp Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1). Escape character is '^]'. 220 mail.wxianfeng.com ESMTP Postfix >ehlo localhost 250-mail.wxianfeng.com 250-PIPELINING 250-SIZE 10240000 250-VRFY 250-ETRN 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES 250-8BITMIME 250 DSN >mail from:wxianfeng 250 2.1.0 Ok >rcpt to:wxianfeng 250 2.1.5 Ok >data 354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF> test . # 以 . 结束输入 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 9729067C17 quit 221 2.0.0 Bye Connection closed by foreign host.
查看 发送队列
[root@mail ~]# cd /home/wxianfeng/Maildir/new [root@mail new]# ls 1185669817.Vfd00I18012M795756.mail.wxianfeng.com [root@mail new]# cat 1185669817.Vfd00I18012M795756.mail.wxianfeng.com
pop3 收 测试：
[root@li165-150 ~]# telnet localhost pop3 Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. +OK Dovecot ready. user wxianfeng +OK pass 12345 +OK Logged in. list +OK 11 messages: 1 483 2 453 3 809 4 853 5 2029 6 2671 7 2721 8 2870 9 3178 10 2749 11 2702 . retr 1 +OK 483 octets Return-Path: <wxianfeng@wxianfeng.com> X-Original-To: wxianfeng@wxianfeng.com Delivered-To: wxianfeng@wxianfeng.com Received: from localhost (localhost [127.0.0.1]) by li165-150.wxianfeng.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id D31F91331F for <wxianfeng@wxianfeng.com>; Thu, 29 Jul 2010 03:35:50 -0400 (EDT) Message-Id: <20100729073619.D31F91331F@li165-150.wxianfeng.com> Date: Thu, 29 Jul 2010 03:35:50 -0400 (EDT) From: wxianfeng@wxianfeng.com To: undisclosed-recipients:; test .
10 , 域名 设置
必须保证你的 域名设置那有 mail.wxianfeng.com 指向你的 ip ， 或者你有 *.wxianfeng.com 的 泛域名 解析
11，添加 MX record
在你的域名商那添加 MX record ,例如我的在godaddy，什么是mx record: 邮件交换记录(MX record)是一个DNS资源记录类型，它指出哪个主机能够处理一个特定域的e-mail。把godaddy默认的mx record删除掉，我的默认是下面的这两个,删除之:
Priority Host Goes To TTL 10 @ mailstore1.secureserver.net 1 Hour 0 @ smtp.secureserver.net 1 Hour
添加自己的:
Priority Host Goes To TTL
10 @ mail.wxianfeng.com 1 Hour
设置好后 可能过段时间才生效,测试生效方法,.下面结果说明已经生效:
[root@li165-150 ~]# host -t mx wxianfeng.com wxianfeng.com mail is handled by 10 mail.wxianfeng.com.
12,解决Squirrelmail 内中文email的乱码
在option（选项）那设置显示语言为 中文简体即可
13,如果你的Squirrelmail 不可以 收发邮件,可以直接远程telnet 测试
>telnet mail.wxianfeng.com 25 mail from:wxianfeng rcpt to:wang.fl1429@gmail.com ......... >telnet mail.wxianfeng.com 110 user wxianfeng pass 12345 list retr 1 ......
如果telnet 可以发送成功 ， 就没 问题….
14,查看错误
如果过程中出现错误，可以随时查看log
>tail -f /var/log/maillogthat’s all , just do it
See :
http://www.mysql-apache-php.com/mailserver.htm
http://www.linuxmail.info/postfix-smtp-server-howto-centos-5/
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